: Filling areas in scanned maps (not by colors but by pattern) I have old land-use maps in a scanned format. I am trying to obtain proper land-use maps from it, similar to what is described

@Margaret771

One thing you could try is using the Select-by-Colour tool in Hue select-by mode (rather than the usual Composite select). [See the Tool Options, "Select by:" parameter.] To eliminate holes, grow the resultant selection by 1 or 2 pixels and then shrink back by the same amount.

A quick test on the sample image you posted above suggests that, used in that way, the tool will pick the clay-coloured regions en-masse quite accurately, likewise for the water. But, of course the real problem is going to be distinguishing the 4 other "textures" shown, which re-use the same basic colours (originally probably just 2 shades of green, 2 shades of yellow, plus black). Again, the Select-by-Colour tool in Hue select-by mode may go some way towards separating these regions - it will for example allow you to select all shades of green simultaneously quite accurately, but you will then have to combine/subtract/intersect selections to refine the regions.

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