: Avoiding background and main menu reloads (white flash) when users navigate my site? Not a major problem, but I would like to understand more about how some websites can serve different pages
Not a major problem, but I would like to understand more about how some websites can serve different pages to a navigating user, such that the browser doesn't visibly pass through a blank white page. Whereas some sites cause the browser to display the white page for up to a few seconds.
I can imagine this is partly due to network latency, but are there any other factors? Can I cause the background image / color not to flash white?
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It's best not to rely on iframes or other unnecessary structural, non-semantic complication just to avoid a variable/cosmetic issue. AJAXy methods can avoid some of those redraw issues, but if you're not willing to undertake the architectural complexity and accessibility concerns of AJAXing in large chunks of your site, then your attention is best focused on slimming down page weight via CSS optimization, minimizing file download sizes and number of HTTP connections required to get page resources, and so on.
The 'White Flash' your referring to is the browser drawing the webpage. There was a great question about how to track how long it takes different browsers to draw your website (latency aside).
Another good question to refer to is how to speed up your site through various tools and techniques.
But what I think you're looking for is AJAX. Asyncronous JavaScript And XML; this will allow you to reload page content without reloading the page, thereby completely avoiding the 'White Flash.'
EDIT: I just realized a technique that you could use that is extremely simple. You could use iframes! I didn't think of it because it's kind of an outdated technique. I haven't used it since high school, but using iframes you should be able to get the desired results.
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